Lathe for irregular shapes



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. W. N. COLE.

LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES. i

No. 544,288. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v. H. W. N. COLE.

LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

No. 544,288. Patented Aug. 13,1895.-

(No Model.) 6 Sheets8heet 3.

H. W. N. COLE. LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES. No. 544,288. Patented Aug.13, 1895.

d} H- Z3 5/ i645. l. d

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

7 HI WI NI LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

No. 544,288. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

(No ModeL) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

H. W. N. COLE. LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

No. 544,288. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6. HI WI NI LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

No. 544,288. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

UNITED STATE ATENT FFICE.

HENRY V. N. COLE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

LATHE FOR IRREGULAR SHAPES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,288, dated August13, 1895.

Application filed April 23, 18941 Serial'N'o. 508.622. No model.)

To all whom it mag, concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY W. N. COLE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of NewYork, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Lathes forIrregular Shapes, of which the following is a specificatools, grindingor polishing wheels or tools,.

or other shaping or finishing tools, (to be referred to hereinafter bythe general designation of tools,) which'are caused to rotate upon-theiraxes and are at the same time caused to revolve about the articles in anor bit parallel to the contourdesired to be produced in the articles, soas to approach to and recede from the axis of revolution in accordancewith the irregular contour of the articles. The tools are thus guidedand con-. trolled by a guide having sections or portions ofdifierentshape and of different dimensions, and as the blanks orpartly-finished articles are fed under the tools different portions ofthis guide are caused to control the movement of the tools. Mechanism isprovided for causing the movement of the guide relatively to thetool-carrying parts, such mechanism consisting, preferably, of a cam andconnecting parts operating to move the guide. Mechanism is provided forstarting the operation of said cam and connected parts upon the entry ofa blank or partly-finished article into proper position for the tools todo their work upon the same, and for stopping the operation of said camand connected parts after the completion of the cycle of operations uponthat article, and for starting the operation of said parts when the nextblank or article is inserted, and so on, whereby the same cycle ofoperations is repeated upon each one of the blanks or articles that aresuccessively fed through the machine.

One of the objects of my invention is to greatly reduce the speed atwhich the tool carrying and guiding, parts are caused to operate, so asto greatly diminish the centrifugal force or pressure exerted upon theseparts,

and in my improved machine the tool-carrying parts have a comparativelyslow rotation and the tools are revolved about the article at acorrespondingly slow speed, while the tools themselves are caused torotate upon their axes at as high a speed as is desirable. Thus the highspeed of the operating-surfaces of the tool, which is necessary in thisclass of machines, is accomplished with a slow speed of the tool guidingand carrying parts, and but little, if any, centrifugal pressure uponthese parts.

Another object of my invention is to produce in the articlescross-sectional contours not only of difierent dimensions, but also ofdifferent shapes at different points throughout the length of thearticle, and according to my invention different portions of the samediameter may have different shapes of cross-sections or the samecross-section, as

may be desired, and thus the shape of the finished article may be madeup of portions of elliptical cross-section, portions of circularcross-section, and portions of any regular or irregular cross-sectionwithin the large range of variations that may be produced upon myimproved machine. I

I have shown in the accompanying drawings a machine designed to producehammerhandles and embodying myinvention; but it will of course beevident that with a slightlydiiferent form of guide the machine may beadapted to the production of hatchet-handles and innumerable otherarticles.

Figure l is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan view, Fig. 3 a rear endelevation, and Fig.4 a front end elevation, of such machine. Fig.5 is alongitudinal vertical section of the same, taken through the center ofthe machine. Fig. 6 is a section of the same on the line 6 6, Fig. 5;and Fig. 7 is a section of the same on the line 7 7, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is alongitudinal vertical central section of a cutter-head and ICOguide-operating parts, showing modifications in construction; and Fig. 9is a front end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 8.

The various working parts of the machine are supported by a frame, whichmay be of any suitable construction, and is shown as consisting of thebed-plate a and supportinglegs a and "arious standards secured to orextending upward from said bed-plate a The feeding mechanism for theblanks or partly-finished articles is shown as comprising the three setsof V-grooved feed-rollers b b, Z) Z), and 1) b and these severalfeed-rollers are fitted to revolve in bearing-boxes which have avertical sliding movement in the standards 0 c, c c, and 0 c and thesefeedrollers are normally pressed toward each other with a yieldingpressure, so as to allow for the irregular shapes of blanks or articles,and are always maintained in symmetrical positions, so as to center theblank or article fed therethrough, by means of the levers d d, d d, andd 61 said levers being pivoted in the standards a, c, and 0respectively, and the upper and lower levers of each set being coupledtogether, as 'by the link 6 in the first set, c in the second set, and ein the third set, and the upper and lower levers of each set acting inopposite directions, as shown upon the bearing-boxes and feed-rollerscarried thereby, the yielding pressure being afforded by weights (notshown) depending from the leversfif, and f respectively.

It is of course evident that the construction of the feed-rollers andconnecting parts may be varied to a considerable extent and that springsmay be employed instead of weights to afford the yielding pressuredesired. The arrangement of these pairs of feeding-rollers is such thatthe pairs 1) and 1) guide the blank or partly-finished article until ithas entered and is firmly held by the guide devices in the head-stock ofthe machine, to be hereinafter described, while the rollers I) continueto hold and guide the blank or article until it has entered between thepair of rollers D The guide devices within the headstock of the machineare shown as consisting of the four guide-rollers g, each mounted in anarm pivoted upon the sleeve g, which is tightly held in the bore of thehead-stock h, and these rollers g are each normally pressed inward by aspring, as shown, and these rollers g are each provided with a V grooveand so arranged as to hold and center the blank or article at pointscorresponding to the four corners of a square. It is of course evidentthat springs may be substituted for these spring-actuated rollers insome constructions and that other forms of guides may be used to holdthe articles in proper central position.

The tool-head j is fitted to rotate upon a suitable tubular bearingformed on or extending from the headstock h of the machine. Thistool-head is not shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, as having its bearingdirectly upon the head-stock h, but is so shown in Figs. 8

and 9. In Figs. 1 to 7 a rotating drivingpulley i is mounted directlyupon the headstock and has a bearing-sleeve which intervenes between thetool-head bearing-sleeve and the tubular extension of the head-stock 7a.The tool-head 7' is provided with a faceplate j, provided with radialgrooves within which are fitted bearing-boxes j carrying rotatingtool-shafts j and these tool-shafts j are also provided with bearings(shown as spherical or universal bearings) in lugs), extending outwardfrom the tool-head. The tools are carried upon the tool-shafts j and mayconsist of grinders or polishers 7' as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, or otherforms of finishing-tools or of cutting-tools, as shown in Figs. 8 andE), and consisting of the clampsj and the chisels or cutters j, heldtherein, or other forms of cutting-tools may be used; and these partsare interchangeable, so that a machine may be provided with thecuttingtools to perform the preliminary operation ofcntting the articlesfrom the blank, and then the cutting-tools may be removed and grindingwheels or tools inserted, and the partly-finished blank that has beensubjected to the cutting operation maybe again put through the machineto have its surface ground, and again aset of polishing-tools maybeinserted in the machineandthearticle again put through the machine andpolished and finished; or this work may be effected with much greatereconomy of time by having in the factory one of my improved machinesfitted up as a cuttely'another as a grinder, and another as a polisher,and, of course, if other operations are desirable in finishing thetools-such as varnishing-rotating brushes may form the tools of themachine to perform this work; or if it is desired to duplicate any ofthese operations the required number of machines may be fitted up. Itisevident the number of tool-carrying shafts j and tools carried therebymay be one or three or any desired number instead of two, as shown.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, the tools andtool-shafts are caused to rotate upon their axes by means of pinions f,mounted upon the tool-shafts j and gearing with internal teeth formedupon the driving-pulley 2. (See Fig. 7.) These pinions 7' are arrangedquite close to the universal bearings of the tool-shafts in the lugs 3'of the tool-head, so that the movement of the tools to and from the axesof revolution causes comparatively slight movements of the pinionsj andthe pinions always mesh with the internal teeth. It is usually desirableto attain an extremely high rotative speed in the tools, and this may beaccomplished by imparting a proportional speed to the driving-pulleyz',and it will be noted that the only parts that will be subjected to thishigh speed will be the driving-pulley t' and the tools and tool-shafts.

In the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the internal teeth are formedupon a fixed part of the machine, which is the extension ICC h from thehead-stock h. This construction permits a high rotative speed to beattained in the tools and is exceedingly simple, but it is not usuallyas desirable for veryhigh speeds and heavy work as that shown in Figs.Lto 7, inclusive.

In the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the tool-head j is rotated bythe driving-pulley 'i', which is formed upon or secured to the tool-headand forms a part thereof, and. the rotative speed of the tools has afixed relation to the speed at which they are revolved about the blanksor articles, whereas in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7,inclusive, the speed at which the tools are revolved about the articlemay be adjusted at pleasure and altogether independently of the speed atwhich the tools are rotated upon their axes as they are causedto-revolve about the article.

The tool-head in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, isrotated by means of a gear-wheel j", which meshes into gear-teeth formedupon the outer periphery of the faceplate j, and this gear-wheel 7' ismounted upon the main drivingsllaftk of the machine.

The preferred construction of the means for guiding the tools so as tocause them to approach toward and recede from the axis of revolution inaccordance with the irregular contour desired to be produced in thearticle is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and consists of a guide Z, fitted toslide longitudinally by means of rods Z' Z, passing through bearings inthe headstock h h, and the inner periphery of this guide is peculiarlyshaped, so as to properly control the movement of the tools. A suitablerounded projection-stud or contact-point Z extends from each bearing-boxj of the toolshafts 3 and comes in contact with the peculiarly-shapedinner periphery of the guide Z. Springs Z press these shafts and thecontactpoint Z outward, and thus. hold the contactpoints against theinner periphery of the guide Z. The rods Z Z are joined by a crosspieceZ which is longitudinally adjustable thereon and has a projecting studor point Z and this stud or point Z works against the outer periphery ofthe cam Z and is held against the same with a yielding pressure by thespring Z, and this cam Z is caused to rotate in the direction indicatedby the arrow, and is so shaped as to gradually move forward thecross-piece Z rods Z Z, and guideZ during an operation slightly lessthan one revolution, and at the conclusion of one revolution to returnsaid frame, rods, and guide to their starting position. Thus onerevolution of the cam Z causes the guide Z to gradually move toward theright or front of the machine, and thereby causes different portions ofthe inner periphery of said guide Z to come in contact with the points Zand control the movements of said points. .The guide, cam, and otherparts are shown in about middle positions in Fig. 8, as they would'bewhen onehalf the length of the blank or article had been subjected tothe action of the tools. Upon a comparison of the shape of thehammer-handle, part of which is shown by the dotted lines a: in Fig. 8and the full length of which is shown by similar lines in Fig. 5, itwill be seen that the longitudinal section of the guide Z is of acontour corresponding to the longitudinal contour of the hammenhandle,except that it is foreshortened in length, so that the contact-points Zas the guide Z is caused to move in contact with them will guide thetools in correspondence with the longitudinal coutour desiredtobeproduced in the handle. The cross-contour at any point may be governedby the shape of the cross-section of the guide Z at the correspondingpoint thereof. Where an elliptical cross-contour is desired, thecrosssection of the guide will have the corresponding variations ofdistance from the axis of revolution of the tools that are necessary toguide the tools and cause them to produce the elliptical contour of thearticle, and where another contour is desired it is only necessary toproperly shape the internal periphery of the guide Z at the properlocation to produce said contour in the article. Thus any desiredgraceful shape may be imparted to the article within a Very wide rangeof variations. It will be noted that as the guiding-surface is of verymuch larger diameter than the article operated upon, and the variationsin radial dimensions in the cross-contour of the article are produced byvariations of corresponding orless magnitudein the guiding-surface,these variations in the radial dimensions of the guiding-surface arevery much smaller relatively to the very much larger radius andperiphery of the guide, and therefore irregularities in thecross-contour of the article would be produced by a contour of theguiding-surface much more regular than the contour of the article. It isof course evident that variations of the contour of the article may alsobe produced by altering the movement of the cam, and thus causing thepoints Z to dwell upon certain portions of the inner periphery of theguideZ .and to move rapidly over other portions, so that by changing theform of the cam and changing the longitudinal and cross contour of theinternal surface of the guide Z a very large number of variations in thecontour. to be produced may be effected.

In Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, I have shown a form of guide Z which is welladapted for use when the article to be produced is to have the sameshape of cross-contour wherever it has the same dimensions and where allcross-contours are to be similar figures-as, for instance, where thecross-contours are to be ellipses having the same ratio of major axis tominor axis. An inclined surface Z is formed on the outer part of eachbearing-box 7' of the tool-shafts, and this works against the conicalinner periphery of the guide Z and the cross-sectionofthis-innerperiphery of the guide Z is so shaped as to guide the toolstoward and away from the axis of revolution,

too

so as to produce the desired cross-contour (shown as elliptical, seeFig. 6) in the article operated upon, while means areprovided for movingthe guide Z longitudinally, so as to vary the diameter of thecross-contour by the engagement of the inclined faces Z with the conicalinner periphery of the guide Z The guide Z has secured to it rods 1",which are fitted to slide longitudinally in guides Z and are joined ator near their rear ends by the cross-piece Z which is longitudinallyadjustable thereon, and this cross-piece Z has a projection or point Z,which works against the face of the cam Z and is held with a yieldingpressure against said cam by the springs Z on the rods Z, or may be heldby other yielding devices. The cam Z is of the proper form to cause thedesired longitudinal movements of the guide Z for the production'of thehammer-handle shown by the dotted lines as. Suitable variations in theshape of this cam will produce other articles in which the variations ofthe dimension of the cross-contour are differently arranged and ofdifferent degree, while the substitution of another guide having aninner periphery of different shape, will result in the production ofcrosscontours of different shapes.

The cam Z is shown as removabiy held by bolts upon the hub P, which hubis fitted to rotate in the standard Z extending upward from thebed-plate a and this cam receives its motion from the cross-shaft 7;,fitted in hearings in the lower part of the bed a and geared by a wormand worrnwhecl 76 k to the main driving-shaft 76, a gear at one end ofsaid cross-shaft 7t meshing into an' intermediate gear 7J5, which, inits turn, meshes into the gear 7;, mounted upon the shaft 75, upon whichshaft 76/7 the hub Z of the cam Z is fitted to rotate freely, so thatthe cam is not operated by the rotation of said shaft k except when itis coupled to said shaft, and a suitable clutch mechanism is shown whichautomatically couples and uncouples the camhub Z and shaft 70 Thisclutch mechanism consists of the sliding clutch k fitted to rotate withthe shaft 70 but free to move longitudinally thereon, and havingsuitable engaging faces which mesh with counterpart faces on the hub Zof the cam Z An annulargroove is formed in thehub of the clutch k inwhich works a pivoted yoke m, mounted upon the shaft m, and this shaft mis fitted to oscillate in suitable small bearing blocks or lugsextending upward from or secured to the bed-plate a, (and for greaterclearness in showing the construction is, with its connecting mechanism,partly shown in Fig. 5,) and has at its front end an arm m which worksinto and is controlled by the vertically-sliding finger m which isarranged just in front of the tools and is normally pressed upward bythe spring at and slides in bearingsin the bed-plate a and in thestandard m This finger m is so interposed in the path of the blank orarticle that is fed forward by the feed-rollers b b that said blank orarticle depresses said fingerm" just before it enters under the actionof the tools, and this depression of the finger m acting through the arm921?, causes the shaft on to oscillate, and, through the yoke m, throwsthe clutch 7& into engagement with the hub Z and thus starts therotation of the cam Z. The finger m is maintained in its depressedposition and the cam is thus coupled with its shaft until the end of theblank or article has passed by the finger m at which point, of course,the cycle of operations upon this article will have been nearly or quitecompleted. As soon as the blank or article has passed beyond the fingerm it is pushed upward by its spring on, and the cam Z is thus uncoupledfrom its shaft k and brought to rest, and the mechanism is so arrangedthat the movement of the cam will cease at the completion of onerevolution thereof. The cam 70 remains at rest until another blank orarticle is fed forward into position to depress the finger m Therelationship of the movement of the feeding mechanism and of the shaft7& is such that during the feeding forward of one of the blanks orarticles the shaft 7c will, as aforesaid, perform one revolution, andafter the conclusion of the cycle and at the point where the cam Z isuncoupled with its shaft and brought to a standstill it will haveperformed one full revolution, and will therefore be in the positionfrom which it started at the beginning of said cycle of operations. Thusthe machine automatically repeats the same cycle of operations upon eachblank or article that is fed through it. It is of course evident thatthis arrangement may be varied in accordance with the shape of thearticle, and means are provided for varying the relative speeds of theshaft k and shaft 70, such means consisting of the intermediate gear kabove referred to, which is held at a fixed distance from the gear 70and its shaft 70 by the pivoted arm 70 while its distance from the shaft70 is adjustable by means of the slotted arm 7a" to provide for gears ofdifferent dimensions upon said shaft 70.

The driving mechanism for the feedingrollers is shown as comprising twosprocketchains 01 and 02', both of which pass over the doublesprocket-wheel M, which is connected to said cross-shaft 76 by a gearat", meshing with the gear 11", secured upon the cross-shaft 7t, andthese sprocket-chains n and n alternately operate the upper and lowerrollers of the sets of feeding-rollers in the manner clearly indicatedin Fig. 1that is to say, the chain at actuates the lower feed-roller bthe upper feed-roller Z), and the lower feed-roller b, and then passesover the double idler sprocket-wheel n and back again to the doublesprocket nfiwhile the chain n actuates the upper feed-roller b the lowerfeed-roller b, and the upper feed-roller Z), and also passes over theidler sprocket a and back again to the double sprocket a It is of courseevitoo IIO

IIS

dent that other driving mechanism may be substituted in place of thatshown herein, although the mechanism shown is well adapted for themachine.

The main driving-shaft 70 receives its motion from the driving-pulley k,and by the arrangement of driving mechanism shown in Figs. 1 to 7,inclusive, the two driving-pulleys 70 and 'i have parallel axes, and maybe driven from a single shaft or counter-shaft without twisting thebelts. The driving'pulley 2' causes the rotation of the tools upon theiraxes as they are revolved about the article by the mechanism operated bythe drivingpulley it, while the other movements of the n1achinethat offeeding the blank or article and actuating the guide Z are performed bymechanism connected to and actuated by the guide-pulley 7.0 In themodified construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the driving-pulley 1"causes both the revolution of the tools about the blank or article andthe rotation of the tools upon their axes, while, of course, othermechanisms, substantially the same as that shown in the other figures,would be employed to feed the article and to actuate the cam Z and thusmove the guide Z.

It is of course evident that parts of my invention may be'usedseparately or in connection with other parts of difierent construction,and that various modifications may be made in the construction withoutdeparting from my invention. I do not, therefore, limit my invention tothe specific construction and arrangement above shown and described; but

What I'claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool andmeans for rotating said tool upon its axis, of means for revolving saidtool in an orbit parallel to the desired cross contour of the article tobe produced and for varying the orbit of motion of thorotating tool inaccordance with the desired contour of the article, as the tool operatesat different points along the length of said article, substantially asset forth.

2. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool, ofmeans for revolving said tool in an orbit parallel to the desired crosscontour of the article and varying the shape of said orbit as the tooloperates at different points along the length of said article,substantially as set forth.

3. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool, ofmeans for revolving said tool about the article, and a peripherallyvarying guide controlling the orbit of movement of said tool, said guidebeing of different shape at different portions of its length, and

means for causing relative longitudinal movements of said guide,substantially as set forth.

4. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool andmeans for rotating the same upon its axis, of means for revolving saidtool about the article in an orbit parallel to the cross contour desiredto be produced and varying the shape of said orbit as the tool operatesat different points along the length of the article, substantially asset forth.

5; In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool andmeans for rotating the same upon its axis, of means for revolving saidtool about the article, and a peripherally varying guide controlling theorbit of movement of said tool, said guide being of different shape andditferent dimensions at different portions of its length, and means forcausing relative longitudinal movements of said guide, substantially asset forth.

6. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool andmeans for revolving the same about the article, of a guide controllingthe orbit of revolution of said tool, said guide having sections ofdifferent shape so as to vary the orbit of revolution of said tool atdiiferent points along the length of said article, substantially as setforth.

7. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a tool andmeans for revolving the same about the article, of a guide controllingthe orbit of revolution of said tool, said guide having sections ofdifferent shape and 1 of different dimensions so as to vary the shapeand dimensions of the orbit of revolution of said tool at difierentpoints along the length of said article, substantially as set forth.

8. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a rotating toolhead and one or more tools carried thereby and mechanism for feeding theblank or article through said tool head, of means for rotating saidtools upon their axes as they are caused to revolve about the article,and a guide controlling the-movement of said tools in accordance withthe desired irregular contour of the article, substantially as setforth.

9. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a rotating toolhead and one or more tool shafts fitted to rotate therein and one ormore tools carried thereby, the bearings of said shafts heingsoconstructed as to permit the tools to approach to and recede from theaxis of revolution, and mechanism for feeding the blank or articlethrough said tool head, and gears upon said tool shafts and a drivinggear with which said gears of the tool shafts are held in engagement intheir revolu tion about the article, and means for rotating said drivinggear independently of the rotation of the tool head, and a guidecontrolling the movement of said tools and means for operating saidguide so that it will actuate the tools in accordance with the desiredirregular contour of the article, substantially as set forth.

10. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a rotatingtool head and one or more tool shafts carried thereby, and tools uponsaid shafts and means for rotating said tool shafts, and mechanism forfeeding the blank or article through said tool head, of a IIO guidehaving its contour varied in accordance with the contour desired in thearticle, and one or more contact devices connected to said tools, andmeans for moving said guide so as to bring said contact devices intocontact with difierent portions of said guide according to the desiredcontour of the article, substantially as set forth.

11. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination of a rotating toolhead, one or more tool shafts held at one end in a bearing having afixed position on said tool head and at the other end by a bearingfitted to slide in said tool head and one or more tools carried by saidtool shafts, said bearings permitting said tools to move toward and fromthe axis of revolution, means for rotating said tool shafts and toolsupon their axes, and a guide controlling the movement of the tools andtool shafts to and from the axis of revolution in accordance with thedesired irregular contour of the article, substantially as set forth.

12. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination of a rotating toolhead, one or more tool shafts held in bearings thereon, and one or moretools carried thereon, said tool shaft bearings being so constructed asto permit the tools to move toward and from the axis of revolution,means for rotating said tool shafts independently of the rotation of thetool head, and a guide controlling the movement of said tools and toolshafts to and from the axis of revolution, and having its contour variedin accordance with the contour desired in the article, and means formoving said guide so as to bring different portions of its surface intooperation upon said tools in accordance with the desired irregularcontour of the article, and means for feeding the article under theaction of said tools, substantially as set forth.

13. In a lathe for-irregular shapes, the combination with a rotatingtool head and one or more tools carried thereby, and a non-rotary headstock carrying said tool head and having a tubular opening therethrough,of spring guides held in said head stock and adapted to center and guidethe article as it passes through the bore of the head stock, and asuitable feeding mechanism adapted to co-operate with said spring guidesin feeding the article under the action of said tools, substantially asset forth.

14. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a rotatingtool head and one or more tools carried thereby, and a non-rotary headstock carrying said tool head and havingatubular opening therethrough,of spring guides held in said head stock and adapted to center and guidethe article as it passes through the bore of the head stock, and thesets of feed rollers b, l), and 19 both of said sets of feed rollers l)and I) being adapted to guide the article under the action of the toolsuntil the article is guided at one end by said spring guides, and theset of feed rollers b continuing to guide said article until the artieleenters the feed rollers 0 whereby the artiole is at all times guided attwo points along its length when under the action of the tools,substantially as set forth.

15. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination with a rotatingtool head and'one or more tools carried thereby, and a guide controllingthe movement to and from the axis of revolution ofsaid tools, andactuating mechanism for said guide, of feeding mechanism for the blankor article, and means operated by said blank or article for starting andstopping said guide actuating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

16. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination-With a rotatingtool head and one or more tools carried thereby, and a movable guidecontrolling the movement to and from the axis of revolution of saidtools, and actuating mechanism for said guide, of means for feeding ablank or article under the operation of said tools, and a yieldingfinger interposed in the path of said blank or article, and a mechanismactuated by said finger for stopping and starting the guide actuatingmechanism, substantially as set forth.

17. In a lathe for irregular shapes, the combination With a rotatingtool head and one or more tools carried thereby, and a movable guidecontrolling the movement of said tools to and from the axis ofrevolution in accordance with the desired irregular shape of thearticle, of means for feeding a blank or article under the operation ofsaid tools, and a yielding finger interposed in the path of said blankor article, an oscillating shaft connected to or engaging with saidfinger and a clutch mechanism connected to or engaging with saidoscillating shaft, and a driving shaft and mechanism operating saidguide for the tools, between which driving shaft and guide operatingmechanism the said clutch is interposed, substantially as set forth. 1

18. In combination, a rotating tool head and one or more tools carriedthereby, a movable guide controlling the movement of said tools to andfrom the axis of revolution in accordance with the desired shape of thearticle, means for feeding the blank or article under the operation ofsaid tools, the yielding finger m interposed in the path of said blankor article, the shaft m and arm an engaging with said finger m the yokem on said shaft m, a driving shaft, a cam mounted so as to rotateindependently of said driving shaft, a clutch adapted to connect saidshaft and cam and engaged by said yoke m, and a contact device bearingagainst said cam and connected to said guide, substantially as setforth.

19. In combination, a head stock having a tubular bore, a driving pulleyfitted to rotate thereon, and having an internal gearing surface formedthereon, a tool head fitted to rotate around said head stock and one ormore tool shafts and tools carried thereby, said tool shafts beingprovided with pinions meshing into said internal gearing surface of thedriving pulley, the bearings for said tool shafts 'being constructed soas to'permit said tools to rotate upon their axes and to move toward andfrom the axis of revolution, and said tool head having a face plateprovided With a gear ing surface, a gear meshing into said gearingsurface of the face plate and means for actuatin g said gear, and meansfor controlling the movement toward and from the axis of revolution ofsaid tools, substantially as set forth.

20. In combination, the head stock h having a tubular bore, the drivingpulley i fitted to rotate thereon and having an internal gearin gsurface, the tool head j having a face plate j and fitted to rotate uponthe sleeve of said driving pulley i, one or more tool shafts j fitted torotate on their axes in said tool head and held at or near one end by abearing having a fixed position but permitting angular movement of theshaft and at or near the other end by a bearing fitted to slide in aslot in the face plate j of said tool head, pinions j" on said toolshafts meshing with said inter- HENRY W. N. COLE.

In presence of- HENRY D. WILLIAMS, EDITH J. GRISWOLD.

